Friday, July 11, 2014

Jeopardy Isomerism

Last night on Jeopardy! there was some organic chemistry sloppiness that I, a former organic chemistry instructor, feel a desperate compulsion to sort out.

The sloppiness occurred in the Final Jeopardy segment. The Final Jeopardy category was "In the Dictionary" and the Final Jeopardy clue was:
This adjective can mean "delicate", "heavenly", or, in chemistry, "related to C4H10O".
The correct question is "What is ethereal?" "Ethereal" and the "related to C4H10O" part of the clue point to ether - more specifically diethyl ether (ethoxyethane), CH3CH2OCH2CH3 - whose molecular formula is indeed C4H10O. However, there are actually six other compounds that C4H10O could refer to:

Alcohols
(1) butanol (1-butanol): CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
(2) isobutanol (2-methyl-1-propanol): (CH3)2CHCH2OH
(3) sec-butanol (2-butanol)*: CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3
(4) tert-butanol (2-methyl-2-propanol): (CH3)3COH
(*I am ignoring R/S stereoisomerism here.)
Ethers
(5) methyl propyl ether (1-methoxypropane): CH3OCH2CH2CH3
(6) isopropyl methyl ether (2-methoxypropane): CH3OCH(CH3)2

(Hmmm, maybe we could make an exam question out of this...)

In sum, the Final Jeopardy clue should have been disambiguated by specifying ether's condensed structure vis-à-vis its molecular formula:
This adjective can mean "delicate", "heavenly", or, in chemistry, "related to CH3CH2OCH2CH3".
Clearly, it's time to send Alex and the Clue Crew back to school for an organic chemistry refresher. ;-)

There. I feel better now.

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